IMPERIUM ROMANUM

Gaius Julius Caesar was born on 12 July 100 BCE. (according to Mommsen and Dio, Caesar was born on 13 July gained his fame thanks to the governorship in Gaul.) as Gaius Iulius Caesar.

Romulus Augustus, later called Augustulus, was born around 463 CE, under the name of Flavius ​​Romulus Augustus.

With the expansion of Rome, more and more slavery latifundia began to emerge. The ruthless exploitation of employees led many to several uprisings. The fate of slaves in schools for gladiators was particularly difficult. Warriors who had planned an outbreak of an armed uprising against Roman exploitation and social injustice waited for a charismatic commander.

The Greek thinker Archimedes became famous not only as the author of the exclamation “Eureka!1” (the Greek word for an unexpected discovery). It was mainly due to his ingenious inventions and innovative machines that he managed to defend Syracuse against the mighty Roman war machine for a long time. Archimedes was born in Syracuse (a town in the south-east of Sicily) c. 287 BCE, and was educated in Alexandria.

The leader of Caesar’s opponents was Gaius Cassius Longinus and Marcus Junius Brutus. Longinus had previously been supporting Pompey, but after the defeat at Pharssalos he yielded, but he kept expressing his reluctance. It was the same with Brutus – what more, Caesar had an affair with his mother, Servila.

Perseus was macedonian king, ruling in years 179-168 BCE, and son of Filip V from the Antygonid dynasty. He took care of good relationships with Greece, strengthened position of Macedon and tried to acquire allies, this alarmed Rome, which declared war with him. Additionally situation was worsened by accusations, which presented, in Rome the Eumenes (king of Pergamon).

Free food and entertainment always helped to win the electorate’s approval. The patricians competed with each other for which of them would provide citizens with a better and more impressive show. It was the desire to please the crowd that led to the development of the Games. The wealthy Romans did not spare coins to create great games to delight the people.

Gladiator (gladiatores) was a wrestler fighting in the arena or amphitheater. His name came from the Roman sword, gladius. The duels themselves were called munus (pl. munera), which meant “sacrifice for the dead”.

Ancient Romans, who had under their control, huge tracts of land certainly had to deal with the black population on a daily basis. Interestingly, the ratio of white to black race was not always beneficial only for the first one.

The conquest of New Carthage by the Romans was just one of the episodes of fighting in Spain. Although it increased Scipio’s chances of removing the Carthaginians from the Iberian Peninsula, it left open the issue of successful completion of the Spanish campaign by the Romans.

The fall of the Roman Empire was a long – lasting process. To this day, scientists argue about when the fall of the Roman state began and what were its causes. The second we start to talk about the degeneration of the great empires, ancient Rome inevitably comes to mind. Edward Gibbon had no doubts: all the evil began at the end of Marcus Aurelius’ reign, and the main reason was the fall of ancient virtues caused by the spread of Christianity. Some of more traditionally thinking historians agreed with Gibbon, the others pointed to the political crises that plagued the Empire and the continuous barbarian invasions.

The process of christianization of the Roman Empire from the birth of Christ to 476 CE, was very important for the state. It is possible that Christianity largely destabilized Rome’s political life and led to its downfall. Christianity arose in the first half of the 1st century CE in the Roman province of Judea among the followers of Judaism, as a result of the activity of Jesus of Nazareth.